Az előző cikkben R1-R4 között építettük fel a konfigurációt. Folytassuk most a többi routerrel.
Topológia:
Annyi különbség van AS200 és AS300 iBGP kapcsolataiban, hogy AS 300-ban full mesh-t építünk. Vegyük észre, hogy mivel a BGP TCP/179 porton kommunikál, nem kell fizikailag is minden routert összekötnünk (azaz R6 és R7 nincs összekötve, mégis ki tudjuk építeni a BGP kapcsolatot). Megfűszerezzük még a full mesh-t azzal, hogy R5-n peer-group-ként konfiguráljuk a neighbor routereket, nem külön-külön. Ezzel konfigurációt egyszerűsítünk.
R4 konfigja annyiban változik, hogy R5 felé előkészítjük az interface-t és a BGP-t. Semmi extra.
***
R4
***
! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 10.0.3.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! router bgp 200 neighbor 10.0.3.2 remote-as 300 no auto-summary !
R5-n mutatom be a peer-group-os megoldást. A peer-group alatt adjuk meg az update-source-t és az AS-t (tehát ami mindegyik neighbor-ben közös). Utána már csak aktiváljuk a neighboroket peer-group alapján.
***
R5
***
! ! interface Loopback1 ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255 ip ospf 1 area 0 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10.0.3.2 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 10.0.4.1 255.255.255.0 ip ospf network point-to-point ip ospf 1 area 0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet1/0 ip address 10.0.5.1 255.255.255.0 ip ospf network point-to-point ip ospf 1 area 0 duplex auto speed auto ! router ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5 log-adjacency-changes ! router bgp 300 no synchronization bgp router-id 5.5.5.5 bgp log-neighbor-changes network 5.5.5.5 mask 255.255.255.255 neighbor BGP peer-group neighbor BGP remote-as 300 neighbor BGP update-source Loopback1 neighbor 6.6.6.6 peer-group BGP neighbor 7.7.7.7 peer-group BGP neighbor 10.0.3.1 remote-as 200 no auto-summary !
***
R6
***
! ! interface Loopback1 ip address 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255 ip ospf 1 area 0 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 10.0.4.2 255.255.255.0 ip ospf network point-to-point ip ospf 1 area 0 duplex auto speed auto ! router ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6 log-adjacency-changes ! router bgp 300 no synchronization bgp router-id 6.6.6.6 bgp log-neighbor-changes network 6.6.6.6 mask 255.255.255.255 neighbor 5.5.5.5 remote-as 300 neighbor 5.5.5.5 update-source Loopback1 neighbor 7.7.7.7 remote-as 300 neighbor 7.7.7.7 update-source Loopback1 no auto-summary !
***
R7
***
! interface Loopback1 ip address 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255 ip ospf 1 area 0 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10.0.5.2 255.255.255.0 ip ospf network point-to-point ip ospf 1 area 0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 10.0.6.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! router ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7 log-adjacency-changes ! router bgp 300 no synchronization bgp router-id 7.7.7.7 bgp log-neighbor-changes network 7.7.7.7 mask 255.255.255.255 neighbor 5.5.5.5 remote-as 300 neighbor 5.5.5.5 update-source Loopback1 neighbor 6.6.6.6 remote-as 300 neighbor 6.6.6.6 update-source Loopback1 neighbor 10.0.6.2 remote-as 400 no auto-summary !
***
R8
***
! ! interface Loopback1 ip address 8.8.8.8 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 10.0.6.2 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! router bgp 400 no synchronization bgp router-id 8.8.8.8 bgp log-neighbor-changes network 8.8.8.8 mask 255.255.255.255 neighbor 10.0.6.1 remote-as 300 no auto-summary !
Akkor nézzük először is, miért van szükség iBGP esetén full mesh-re? Gondoljunk bele, eBGP esetén miért nem tud loop kialakulni: az AS_PATH attribútum miatt. Ha egy router látja a saját AS-ét az NLRI AS_PATH listában, akkor nem használhatja azt. Logikus.
iBGP update-k esetén az AS_PATH attribútum nem frissül. Ezért van is egy olyan szabály, hogy iBGP által használt route-t iBGP neighbor-nek nem hirdetünk tovább. A megoldás lehet a full-mesh, route-reflector, confederation kialakítása.
Célunk, hogy R8 tudja pingelni R1 Loopback1 interface-t. Nézzük, megy -e ez.
R8#ping 1.1.1.1 source lo1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 8.8.8.8 ..... Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) R8#
Nem. Mit tudunk 1.1.1.1/32-ről?
R8#sh ip route 1.1.1.1 % Network not in table R8#sh ip bgp 1.1.1.1 % Network not in table R8#
Hm…
R8#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 7, local router ID is 8.8.8.8 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *> 5.5.5.5/32 10.0.6.1 0 300 i *> 6.6.6.6/32 10.0.6.1 0 300 i *> 7.7.7.7/32 10.0.6.1 0 0 300 i *> 8.8.8.8/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i R8#
R1-R4 Loopback címeit nem látjuk. Keressük meg a hibát.
R5 tudja róluk?
R5#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 16, local router ID is 5.5.5.5 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *> 1.1.1.1/32 10.0.3.1 0 200 100 i *> 2.2.2.2/32 10.0.3.1 0 200 i *> 3.3.3.3/32 10.0.3.1 0 200 i *> 4.4.4.4/32 10.0.3.1 0 0 200 i *> 5.5.5.5/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i r>i6.6.6.6/32 6.6.6.6 0 100 0 i r>i7.7.7.7/32 7.7.7.7 0 100 0 i * i8.8.8.8/32 10.0.6.2 0 100 0 400 i R5#
Igen. Részletesebben:
R5#sh ip bgp 1.1.1.1 BGP routing table entry for 1.1.1.1/32, version 7 Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Default-IP-Routing-Table) Advertised to update-groups: 2 200 100 10.0.3.1 from 10.0.3.1 (4.4.4.4) Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, external, best R5#
De a next-hop 10.0.3.1, ebből lesz gond.
És R7?
R7#sh ip bgp 1.1.1.1
BGP routing table entry for 1.1.1.1/32, version 0
Paths: (1 available, no best path)
Not advertised to any peer
200 100
10.0.3.1 (inaccessible) from 5.5.5.5 (5.5.5.5)
Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal
R7#
Ugyanaz a hiba, mint az előző posztban, AS200 esetében. Ha a next-hop nem elérhető, a BGP NEM hirdeti tovább a route-t.
R7#sh ip bgp neigh 10.0.6.2 advertised-routes BGP table version is 10, local router ID is 7.7.7.7 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path r>i5.5.5.5/32 5.5.5.5 0 100 0 i r>i6.6.6.6/32 6.6.6.6 0 100 0 i *> 7.7.7.7/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i Total number of prefixes 3 R7#
Most a next-hop-self helyett behirdetem a transit linket OSPF-be, a változatosság kedvéért (és passive interface-t konfigurálok f0/0-ra).
R5(config)#int f0/0 R5(config-if)#ip ospf 1 a 0 R5(config-if)#router ospf 1 R5(config-router)#passive-interface f0/0 R5(config-router)#end
Ezután R7-en:
R7#sh ip bgp 1.1.1.1 BGP routing table entry for 1.1.1.1/32, version 11 Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Default-IP-Routing-Table) Flag: 0x820 Advertised to update-groups: 1 200 100 10.0.3.1 (metric 20) from 5.5.5.5 (5.5.5.5) Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal, best R7#
Már hirdetjük is a route-kat:
R7#sh ip bgp neigh 10.0.6.2 advertised-routes BGP table version is 14, local router ID is 7.7.7.7 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *>i1.1.1.1/32 10.0.3.1 0 100 0 200 100 i *>i2.2.2.2/32 10.0.3.1 0 100 0 200 i *>i3.3.3.3/32 10.0.3.1 0 100 0 200 i *>i4.4.4.4/32 10.0.3.1 0 100 0 200 i r>i5.5.5.5/32 5.5.5.5 0 100 0 i r>i6.6.6.6/32 6.6.6.6 0 100 0 i *> 7.7.7.7/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i Total number of prefixes 7 R7#
Érdekességként: update-group-pal is tudunk információt nyerni, kinek hirdetjük a route-t. Nézzük meg az alábbi kimenetet:
R7#sh ip bgp 1.1.1.1 BGP routing table entry for 1.1.1.1/32, version 11 Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Default-IP-Routing-Table) Flag: 0x820 Advertised to update-groups: 1 200 100 10.0.3.1 (metric 20) from 5.5.5.5 (5.5.5.5) Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal, best R7#
Nézzük, ki tagja a group 1-nek:
R7#sh ip bgp update-group 1 BGP version 4 update-group 1, external, Address Family: IPv4 Unicast BGP Update version : 14/0, messages 0 Update messages formatted 7, replicated 0 Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 3, min 0 Minimum time between advertisement runs is 30 seconds Has 1 member (* indicates the members currently being sent updates): 10.0.6.2 R7#
Szóval 10.0.6.2 megkapja a route-t.
Teszteljük hát ismét a pinget R8-ról.
R8#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 11, local router ID is 8.8.8.8 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *> 1.1.1.1/32 10.0.6.1 0 300 200 100 i *> 2.2.2.2/32 10.0.6.1 0 300 200 i *> 3.3.3.3/32 10.0.6.1 0 300 200 i *> 4.4.4.4/32 10.0.6.1 0 300 200 i *> 5.5.5.5/32 10.0.6.1 0 300 i *> 6.6.6.6/32 10.0.6.1 0 300 i *> 7.7.7.7/32 10.0.6.1 0 0 300 i *> 8.8.8.8/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i R8# R8#ping 1.1.1.1 source lo1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 8.8.8.8 ..... Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) R8#
Még mindig nem jó. Nézzük, meddig jutunk el:
R8#trace 1.1.1.1 sou lo1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 1.1.1.1 1 10.0.6.1 40 msec 52 msec 40 msec 2 *
Már sejthetitek, hogy megint a next-hop lesz a ludas. R7 next-hop-ként a 10.0.6.2-t fogja hirdetni AS300-ban, ez lesz a gond.
R5#sh ip bgp 8.8.8.8
BGP routing table entry for 8.8.8.8/32, version 0
Paths: (1 available, no best path)
Not advertised to any peer
400
10.0.6.2 (inaccessible) from 7.7.7.7 (7.7.7.7)
Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal
R5#
Next-hop-self…
R7(config)#router bgp 300 R7(config-router)#neigh 5.5.5.5 next-hop-self R7(config-router)#neigh 6.6.6.6 next-hop-self R7(config-router)#end
Most már oké…
R5#sh ip bgp 8.8.8.8 BGP routing table entry for 8.8.8.8/32, version 17 Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Default-IP-Routing-Table) Flag: 0x820 Advertised to update-groups: 1 400 7.7.7.7 (metric 2) from 7.7.7.7 (7.7.7.7) Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal, best R5#
De még mindig van hiba.
R8#trace 1.1.1.1 sou lo1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 1.1.1.1 1 10.0.6.1 40 msec 60 msec 44 msec 2 10.0.5.1 40 msec 60 msec 28 msec 3 10.0.3.1 64 msec 48 msec 40 msec 4 R8#
Kitalálható, hogy a hiba AS200-ban lesz. Ott is next-hop gond.
R4#sh ip bgp 8.8.8.8
BGP routing table entry for 8.8.8.8/32, version 15
Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Default-IP-Routing-Table)
Flag: 0x820
Advertised to update-groups:
2
300 400
10.0.3.2 from 10.0.3.2 (5.5.5.5)
Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, external, best
R4#
R2-n:
R2#sh ip bgp 8.8.8.8 BGP routing table entry for 8.8.8.8/32, version 0 Paths: (1 available, no best path) Not advertised to any peer 300 400, (Received from a RR-client) 10.0.3.2 (inaccessible) from 4.4.4.4 (4.4.4.4) Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal R2#
Megoldás:
R4(config)#router bgp 200 R4(config-router)#neigh 2.2.2.2 next-hop-self R4(config-router)#end
Teszt
R8#ping 1.1.1.1 source lo1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 8.8.8.8 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 44/72/112 ms R8# R8#trace 1.1.1.1 sou lo1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 1.1.1.1 1 10.0.6.1 56 msec 44 msec 16 msec 2 10.0.5.1 20 msec 36 msec 16 msec 3 10.0.3.1 88 msec 52 msec 60 msec 4 10.0.2.1 48 msec 48 msec 60 msec 5 10.0.0.1 88 msec 100 msec 96 msec R8#
Működik!
Nyilván ezeket a hibákat már akkor láttam, mikor konfiguráltam. Ezeket a dolgokat fejben kell tartani BGP konfigurációnál. Egy idő után már “lelki szemeivel” látja az ember :-).
Nézzük TCL-lel, mindegyik router eléri -e a másik Lo1 interface-t (végső teszt).
tclsh
foreach X {
1.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
3.3.3.3
4.4.4.4
5.5.5.5
6.6.6.6
7.7.7.7
8.8.8.8
} { ping $X source lo1 }
R1
Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 1.1.1.1 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/4/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 1.1.1.1 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/24/56 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 1.1.1.1 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/53/116 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 1.1.1.1 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/38/64 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.5.5.5, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 1.1.1.1 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/53/68 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 6.6.6.6, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 1.1.1.1 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 44/61/80 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 7.7.7.7, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 1.1.1.1 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/60/84 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 1.1.1.1 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 64/82/100 ms R1(tcl)#
R2
Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 2.2.2.2 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/35/64 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 2.2.2.2 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/3/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 2.2.2.2 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/31/64 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 2.2.2.2 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/32/56 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.5.5.5, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 2.2.2.2 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/36/76 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 6.6.6.6, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 2.2.2.2 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/47/76 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 7.7.7.7, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 2.2.2.2 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/43/76 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 2.2.2.2 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/56/88 ms R2(tcl)#
R3
Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 3.3.3.3 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/42/60 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 3.3.3.3 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/24/48 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 3.3.3.3 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/3/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 3.3.3.3 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/47/64 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.5.5.5, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 3.3.3.3 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/52/72 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 6.6.6.6, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 3.3.3.3 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/56/84 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 7.7.7.7, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 3.3.3.3 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/73/136 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 3.3.3.3 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 80/81/88 ms R3(tcl)#
R4
Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 4.4.4.4 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/39/64 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 4.4.4.4 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/26/40 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 4.4.4.4 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/36/64 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 4.4.4.4 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/4/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.5.5.5, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 4.4.4.4 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/26/52 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 6.6.6.6, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 4.4.4.4 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/42/52 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 7.7.7.7, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 4.4.4.4 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/32/56 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 4.4.4.4 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/51/80 ms R4(tcl)#
R5
Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 5.5.5.5 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/48/64 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 5.5.5.5 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/32/56 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 5.5.5.5 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/60/76 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 5.5.5.5 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/30/64 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.5.5.5, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 5.5.5.5 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/4/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 6.6.6.6, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 5.5.5.5 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/23/44 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 7.7.7.7, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 5.5.5.5 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/40/60 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 5.5.5.5 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/46/64 ms R5(tcl)#
R6
Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 6.6.6.6 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/76/100 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 6.6.6.6 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/48/76 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 6.6.6.6 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/60/88 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 6.6.6.6 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/36/68 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.5.5.5, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 6.6.6.6 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/20/44 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 6.6.6.6, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 6.6.6.6 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/4/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 7.7.7.7, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 6.6.6.6 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/36/80 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 6.6.6.6 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/47/76 ms R6(tcl)#
R7
Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 7.7.7.7 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/64/84 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 7.7.7.7 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/48/76 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 7.7.7.7 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/59/104 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 7.7.7.7 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/34/56 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.5.5.5, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 7.7.7.7 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/24/44 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 6.6.6.6, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 7.7.7.7 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/51/64 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 7.7.7.7, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 7.7.7.7 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/3/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 7.7.7.7 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/32/44 ms R7(tcl)#
R8
Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 8.8.8.8 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/64/96 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 8.8.8.8 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 52/64/80 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 8.8.8.8 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 60/82/120 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 8.8.8.8 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/45/72 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.5.5.5, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 8.8.8.8 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/49/84 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 6.6.6.6, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 8.8.8.8 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/62/100 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 7.7.7.7, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 8.8.8.8 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/24/44 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 8.8.8.8 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/3/4 ms R8(tcl)#
